STEM for Sustainable Development in Pakistan: Innovative Practices and Future Prospects

Abstract

In Pakistan, STEM education is important for fostering innovation and new improvements for sustainability. This research used a mixed-method approach by surveying 100 teachers with closed-ended questions and doing semi-structured interviews with 30 teachers. The results show that, under adverse conditions of poor infrastructure, low investment, and slack policy implementation, creative approaches like project-based learning, digital labs, and inexpensive science kits are vital for STEM education’s effectiveness. The results suggest that major policy changes are necessary and that new investment would be required along with teacher training, enhanced technology integration, and improved industry–academy collaboration. These pointers provide a coherent strategy to promote STEM education in Pakistan and align it with emerging sustainability benchmarks globally.